{"id":337,"date":"2022-03-21T21:10:31","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T21:10:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/?page_id=337"},"modified":"2025-05-14T08:21:10","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T13:21:10","slug":"tijdlijn","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/timeline\/","title":{"rendered":"Groei van de Kerk"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"201\" src=\"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-1024x201.png\" alt=\"Momentum Yes Logo in black and green\" class=\"wp-image-2072\" style=\"width:514px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-1024x201.png 1024w, https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-300x59.png 300w, https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-768x151.png 768w, https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-1536x302.png 1536w, https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB-2048x402.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<style>@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {.gb-6a2d198064657{font-size: 2em!important;}}<\/style>\n<h1 class=\"gb-6a2d198064657 wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:3em\">The Growth of the Church<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Throughout the centuries, Jesus has used everyday people to build his Church. Choose a century to start exploring the story of the Church.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jump down to any century<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-columns gb-layout-columns-4 gb-4-col-equal\"><div class=\"gb-layout-column-wrap gb-block-layout-column-gap-2 gb-is-responsive-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column\"><div class=\"gb-block-layout-column-inner\">\n<p><a href=\"#100-ad\">100 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#200-ad\">200 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#300-ad\">300 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#400-ad\">400 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#500-ad\">500 AD<\/a><br><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column\"><div class=\"gb-block-layout-column-inner\">\n<p><a href=\"#600-ad\">600 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#700-ad\">700 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#800-ad\">800 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#900-ad\">900 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1000-ad\">1000 AD<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column\"><div class=\"gb-block-layout-column-inner\">\n<p><a href=\"#1100-ad\">1100 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1200-ad\">1200 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1300-ad\">1300 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1400-ad\">1400 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1500-ad\">1500 AD<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genesis-blocks-gb-column gb-block-layout-column\"><div class=\"gb-block-layout-column-inner\">\n<p><a href=\"#1600-ad\">1600 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1700-ad\">1700 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1800-ad\">1800 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#1900-ad\">1900 AD<\/a><br><a href=\"#2000-ad\">2000 AD<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">100 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">100<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Monaco, Algeria, Sri Lanka, Kuwait, and Arabia. (WCT)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">112<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pliny the Younger reports the rapid growth of Christianity in the ancient district of Bithynia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">120<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Romania. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">130<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians arrive in Moldova from Romania. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">140<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hermas writes, &#8220;The Son of God . . . has been preached to the ends of the earth.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">150<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The gospel reaches Portugal and Morocco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">156<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Polycarp is martyred in Smyrna (Turkey). He is the first recorded martyr in post-New Testament church history. Monasticism appears in Phrygia, with the goal of restoring spiritual gifts and holiness in preparation for Christ\u2019s return. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">166<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bishop Soter writes that the number of Christians has surpassed that of the Jews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">167<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>At the request of Lucius of Britain, Pope Eleuterus sends missionaries Fuganus and Duvianus to convert the Britons to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">174<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Austria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">177<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Churches in Lyon and Vienne (southern France) report persecution.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">190<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pataenus of Alexandria goes to India in response to an appeal for Christian teachers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">197<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tertullian writes that Christianity has penetrated all North African society ranks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">198<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Christian Assyrian lay missionaries come to Japan. They are called the Kung Yueh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"200-ad\">200 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">200<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Switzerland and Belgium; Roman soldiers and merchants due to Roman occupation. Austrian Christians move to Slovenia. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">202<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Roman Emperor Severus issues an edict forbidding conversion to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Abgar, the Aramean King of Edessa, embraces the Christian faith.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">208<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tertullian writes that Christ has followers on the far side of the Roman wall in Britain, where Roman legions have not yet penetrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">217<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A former slave, Callistus, who had worked the mines, becomes the bishop of Rome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">220<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Origen writes, \u201cThe gospel of Jesus Christ has now been preached in all creation under heaven. But many people, not only in the Empire, but also in the Empire, have not yet heard the word of Christ. The gospel has not yet been preached to all nations, since it has not reached the Chinese or the Ethiopians beyond the river . . . .\u201d (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">224<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians move to Qatar, when the Sasanian Empire gains control over the region. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">250<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Denis is sent from Rome, along with six other missionaries, to establish the church in Paris; the first Christian traders migrate to Ireland from Britain. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">270<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gregory Thaumaturgus, Christian leader in Pontus (now northeastern Turkey), dies. It is said that when Gregory became &#8220;bishop,&#8221; there were only seventeen Christians in Pontus, while at his death\u2014thirty years later\u2014there were just seventeen non-Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">280<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first rural churches emerge in northern Italy; Christianity is no longer exclusively in urban areas; first Christians travel through Uzbekistan and Tajikistan along the Silk Road. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">287<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Maurice from Egypt is killed at Agauno, Switzerland, because of refusing to sacrifice to pagan divinities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"300-ad\">300 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">300<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Greater Khorasan (now northeast Iran); an estimated 10 percent of the world&#8217;s population is Christian; 66 percent of believers are nonwhite; parts of the Bible are available in ten different languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">304<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Armenia\u2014between Turkey and Azerbaijan\u2014which accepts Christianity as the official state religion, is the first to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">313<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Emperor Constantine issues the Edict of Milan, legalizing Christianity in the Roman Empire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">314<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gregory the Illuminator converts Tiridates III of Armenia and King Urnayr of Caucasian Albania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">320<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nino arrives in the Georgian kingdom of Iberia and boldly preaches the gospel. Many individuals choose to follow Jesus, including King Mirian III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">325<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Council of Nicea is held as the first gathering of churches that establishes the Nicene Creed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">328<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Egyptian monk, Hilarion of Gaza, ministers in Palestine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">329<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Monasticism begins, with the first monastery opening in Egypt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">332<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Frumentius, a Syrian, is enslaved in Ethiopia, but chooses to stay after gaining his freedom, so that he can spread Christianity. One of the ways he accomplishes this is by encouraging Christian merchants to practice their faith openly. The Ethiopian King Ezana becomes a Christian and makes Christianity an official religion. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">334<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first bishop is ordained for Khorasan\u2014an area of modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and southwest Kazakhstan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">337<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Emperor Constantine is baptized shortly before his death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">341<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulfilas begins work with the Goths in present-day Romania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">342<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First church on the Arabian peninsula is reported in Aden, in modern-day Yemen. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">345<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Several families flee persecution in Babylon and travel to the church in India, where they encourage and strengthen the church there that Thomas founded. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">350<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible is translated into Saidic, which is a Coptic Egyptian language. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">354<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theophilus, &#8220;the Indian,&#8221; reports visiting Christians in India; Philostorgius mentions a Christian community on the Socotra island, south of Yemen in the Arabian Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">361<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Martin of Tours starts his aggressive evangelism work in Gaul (France).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">364<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The conversion of Vandals to Christianity begins during the reign of Emperor Valens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">369<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Basil of Caesarea opens the first hospital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">370<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wulfila translates the Scriptures into Gothic, which is the first Bible translated specifically for missionary purposes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">378<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jerome writes, &#8220;From India to Britain, all nations resound with the death and resurrection of Christ.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">380<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Roman Emperor Theodosius I makes Christianity the official state religion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">382<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jerome is commissioned to translate the Gospels (and, subsequently, the entire Bible) into Latin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">386<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Augustine of Hippo is converted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">390<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Persian missionary monk Abdisho builds a monastery on Bahrain. (WCT)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">393<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Council of Hippo finalizes the twenty-seven New Testament books. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">397<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ninian evangelizes the Southern Picts of Scotland; three missionaries sent to the mountaineers in the Trento region of northern Italy are martyred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"400-ad\">400 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">400<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hayyan, a Yemini merchant, begins proclaiming the gospel in Yemen after Nestorians in Persia convert him; he is the first native-Arabic speaker to evangelize lower Arabia and later Yemen. In starting a school for native Gothic evangelists, John Chrysostom writes, &#8220;Go and make disciples of all nations was not said for the Apostles only, but for us also.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">410<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The New Testament is translated into Armenian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">420<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Pre-Islam Arabian Bedouin tribe, under sheikh Peter-Aspebet, is converted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">425<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first bishops are ordained for Herat (Afghanistan) and Samarkand (Uzbekistan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">432<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Patrick goes to Ireland as missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">436<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible translation into Armenian is completed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">450<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Christians are reported in Liechtenstein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">496<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clovis I, King of Franks in Gaul, becomes a Christian, which leads to widespread conversion among the Frankish peoples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">499<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Persian King Kavadh I, fleeing his country, encounters a group of Christian missionaries going to Central Asia for preaching to the Turks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"500-ad\">500 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">500<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in North Yemen; Nairam becomes a Christian center.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">508<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Philoxenus of Mabug starts translation of the Bible into Syriac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">529<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Benedict of Nursia, who destroys a pagan temple at Monte Cassino (Italy), builds a monastery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">535<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Hephthalite Huns, nomads living in northern China and Central Asia\u2014additionally known as the White Huns\u2014are taught to read and write by Nestorian missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">542<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Julian (or Julianus) from Constantinople begins evangelizing Nubia (now southern Egypt and northern Sudan), accompanied by an Egyptian named Theodore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">563<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Columba sails from Ireland to Scotland, where he founds an evangelistic training center on Iona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">569<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Longinus, church leader in northern Nubia, evangelizes Alodia (southern Nubia, in what is now Sudan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">578<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Al-numan III, last of the Lakhmids kings in present-day southern Iraq, converts to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">596<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gregory the Great sends Augustine and a team of missionaries to (what is now) England for reintroducing the gospel; they settle in Canterbury and baptize ten thousand people within a year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"600-ad\">600 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">600<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An estimated 8 million Central Asians are Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">604<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A church is reportedly planted on Thorney Island (where Westminster Abbey now stands), just eight years after the first missionaries arrive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">610<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Islam begins with the first revelation to the Prophet Mohammed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">617<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vikings massacre fifty-four monks on the Hebridean isle of Eigg, a part of Scotland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Amandus of Elnon, who is consecrated as a missionary bishop, evangelizes the region around Ghent and conducts missions to Slavs along the Danube and to Basques in Navarre (Spanish kingdom).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">630<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Conversion of the East Angles (one of the seven kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy) occurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">635<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Alopen, who arrives in China from the Nestorian church in the Persian Empire, is the first- known missionary to China; Aidan of Lindisfarne starts evangelizing in the heart of Northumbria (England).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">637<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lombards, a German people living in northern Italy, become Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">638<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A church building is reportedly erected in Chang-an (China), then perhaps the largest city in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Amadeus, bishop of Maastricht, performs missionary work in Frisia (Netherlands) and among the Slavs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first church in the Netherlands is organized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">673<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Irish monk Maol Rubha establishes a training center at Aprochrosan, which serves as a base for missionary outreach into Scotland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">680<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first translation of Christian Scriptures into Arabic takes place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">689<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Irish missionary Kilian is killed near W\u00fcrzburg in what is now Germany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">692<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Willibrord and eleven companions cross the North Sea, from Northumbria (England), for becoming missionaries to the Frisians (now Netherlands).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">697<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Muslims overrun Carthage; there are about 3 million Coptic Christians and 5 million Berber Christians prior to the Muslim invasion of North Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"700-ad\">700 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">720<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Caliph Umar II exerts heavy pressure on the Christian Berbers in North Africa for converting to Islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">716<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Boniface begins missionary work among the Germanic tribes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">724<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Boniface fells pagan sacred oak of Thor at Geismar in Hesse (Germany), demonstrating that God\u2019s power is greater than any supposed power of Thor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Irish monks reach Iceland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">771<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Charlemagne becomes King of the Franks in modern-day France, Germany, and the Netherlands; he will decree that sermons be delivered in the vernacular, and commissions Bible translations during his reign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">781<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nestorian Stele is erected near Xi&#8217;an (China), which documents 150 years of early Christianity in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">787<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Liudger starts missionary work near the mouth of the Ems river (in Germany).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"800-ad\">800 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">822<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mojm\u00edr I of Great Moravia (now the Czech Republic) converts to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">826<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ansgar from France is sent by papal authority to Denmark as a royal chaplain and missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">828<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Christian church in present-day Slovakia is built in Nitra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">830<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scotch-born Erluph is evangelizing in (what is now) Germany when the Vandals kill him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">859<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eulogius, who is a proponent of confrontational Christian witness in Spain and other Muslim-dominated societies, is executed; opposed to any feeling of affinity with Muslim culture, Eulogius advocated implementing a missiology of martyrdom to confront Islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">863<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rastislav invites Cyril and Methodius to evangelize in Great Moravia and the Balaton Principality; Cyril invented a written language, so that he might translate the Scriptures for the people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">864<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Prince Boris of Bulgaria is converted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">867<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>All Serbian tribes are fully Christianized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">878<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is the year of the last definite reference to Christians in China before the Mongol era.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">880<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The initial Slavic archbishopric is established in Great Moravia, with Methodius as its head; the Bible is translated into Slavonic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"900-ad\">900 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">900<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionaries from the archdiocese of Bremen-Hamburg reach Norway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">912<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Normans of France become Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">920<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eastern Christians reach Burma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">945<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Christians arrive in Ukraine and Russia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">948<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The leader of the Magyars (Hungary) converts to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">957<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Princess Olga of Kiev is baptized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">965<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Harold I of Denmark converts to Christianity and smooths the way for the acceptance of Christian faith by the Danish people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">987<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nestorian monks visiting China find no traces of Christian community left.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">990<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kerait Mongolians embrace Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">995<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Christian missionaries from Norway begin working in Iceland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">997<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adalbert of Prague dies as a martyr in Prussia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1000-ad\">1000 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1000<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Christianity is accepted by common consent in Iceland by Parliament; Leif Eriksson, who is sent back to Greenland for introducing the gospel, possibly went to Vinland (Newfoundland), as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1008<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>English missionary Sigfrid baptizes King Olof of Sweden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1009<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bruno of Querfurt is beheaded in Prussia, where he had gone as a missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1015<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Russia is said to have been &#8220;comprehensively&#8221; converted to the Orthodox faith; Olaf II Haroldsson becomes the first king of all of Norway. He would organize Norway&#8217;s final conversion and its integration into Christian Europe during the next fifteen years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1017<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcnther tries to convert the inhabitants of Vorpommern (part of modern-day Germany and Poland); this mission is not successful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1050<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lativia is first evangelized by Russian Orthodox.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1100-ad\">1100 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1122<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bernhard, who is a lone and poor Spanish monk, launches an unsuccessful mission in the Duchy of Pomerania (now Poland).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1124<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Otto of Bamberg successfully converts the people of Pomerania because they see that he does not want to exploit them; he comes to them with much wealth, simply wanting to convert them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1128<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Otto of Bamberg returns to Pomerania to strengthen the churches there and to convert those in West Pomerania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1130<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Peter of Bruys is burned at the stake because of his treatise, criticizing some of the Catholic Church\u2019s practices; some consider him to be a prophet of the Reformation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1155<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Carmelites, a Catholic order, is founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1173<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Waldensians are founded; they are considered as forerunners of the Reformation due to their rejection of the absolute authority of the Catholic Church. They made a great effort to translate the Bible into the common language, and they (laymen) preached what they learned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1200-ad\">1200 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1200<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible is available in twenty-two different languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1206<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ghenghis Khan unites several tribes to establish the Mongol Empire, which became the largest continuous land empire in history. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1210<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Franciscan Order is established.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1212<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>St. Francis of Assisi begins his mission to Syria; he teaches that Muslims should be won by love\u2014not hate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1216<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dominican Order is established.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1219<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Francis of Assisi presents the gospel to the Sultan of Egypt; Franciscan friars are sent to North Africa. Friar John arrives in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1244<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Christians are reported in Lithuania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1253<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan William of Rubruck starts his journey to the Mongols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1266<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mongol leader Kublai Khan sends Marco Polo&#8217;s father and uncle, Niccolo and Matteo Polo, back to Europe with a request to the pope to send a hundred Christian missionaries (only two replied, and one died before reaching Mongol territory).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1276<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ramon Llull opens a training center to send missionaries to North Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1291<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first indigenous bishop in Finland is appointed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1294<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan Giovanni di Monte Corvino arrives in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1300-ad\">1300 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1303<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnold of Cologne arrives in China to assist Giovanni di Monte Corvino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1308<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ramon Llull reports that the conversion of Muslims would happen only through prayer; he advocates his entire life for Christians to study Arabic and be trained as missionaries for sharing Jesus with Muslims.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1321<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jordanus, a Dominican monk, arrives in India as the first resident Roman Catholic missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1322<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odoric of Pordenone, a Franciscan monk from Italy, arrives in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1323<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans make contacts on the islands of Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1326<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaghatayid Khan Ilchigedai allows a church to be built in Samarqand, Uzbekistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1334<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chaghatayid Khan Buzun allows Christians to rebuild churches and permits Franciscans to establish a missionary episcopate in Almaliq, Azerbaijan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1368<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Franciscan mission collapses in China as the Ming Dynasty abolishes Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1379<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Stefan Permsky returns to where he grew up with his mother&#8217;s people, the Komi people, in the northern part of what is now Russia; he invented an alphabet and translated the Bible into their language, so that they could worship in their own language and culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1382<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Wycliffe translates the Bible into English from Latin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1380<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The last Christian Uighurs are forced to convert to Islam in northwest China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1389<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Large numbers of Christians march through the streets of Cairo, denouncing Islam and lamenting that they (Christians) abandoned the religion of their fathers from fear of persecution. Both men and women are beheaded, and a fresh persecution of Christians follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1400-ad\">1400 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1400<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scriptures are translated into Icelandic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1408<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spanish Dominican Vincent Ferrer begins a ministry in Italy, in which it is said that thousands of Jews and Muslims were won to faith in Christ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1410<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible is translated into Hungarian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1415<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jan Hus is burned at the stake as a heretic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1420<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan missionaries accompany a Portuguese expedition to Madeira, an island off the coast of Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1445<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Guinea Bissau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1448<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Mauritania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1450<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan missionaries accompany a Portuguese expedition to the Cape Verde Islands; Swedes evangelize the Lapps of northern Sweden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1453<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Constantinople falls to the Muslim Ottoman Turks, who make it their capital; an Islamic thanksgiving service is conducted in the church of Saint Sophia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1457<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Unitas Fratrum (Moravian Brethren) is founded; it became the first Protestant movement to engage in missions in 1732.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1462<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Johannes Gutenberg begins printing the Bible with his movable-type printing process; Pope Pius II assigns the evangelization of the Portuguese Guinea Coast of Africa to the Franciscans, led by Alfonso de Bolano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1485<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Following contact with the Portuguese, the King of Benin requests that a church be planted in his kingdom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1486<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominicans become active in West Africa, among the Wolof people in Senegambia (now Sengal and Gambia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1489<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wolof King Behemoi in Senegal is baptized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1491<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Congo experiences the arrival of its first group of missionaries; the king would soon be baptized and a church built at the royal capital as part of the ministry of these Franciscan and Dominican priests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1492<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The church in Angola is born; Christopher Columbus \u201cdiscovers\u201d the Americas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1493<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Alexander VI commands Spain to colonize the New World with Catholic missions; Christopher Columbus takes Christian priests with him on his second New World journey.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1494<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first missionaries come to the Dominican Republic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1495<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The head of a convent in Seville, Spain, Mercedarian Jorge, makes a trip to the West Indies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1496<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christian baptisms in the New World are performed when Guaticaba, along with other members of his household, are baptized on the island of Hispaniola.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1497<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Forced conversion of Jews in Portugal takes place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1498<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First Christians are reported in Kenya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1499<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese Augustinian missionaries arrive at Zanzibar, part of modern-day Tanzania. Their mission will end in 1698, because of the Oman-Arab conquest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1500-ad\">1500 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1500<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans enter Brazil with Cabral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1501<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Alexander VI grants to the Spanish crown all the newly discovered countries in the Americas if provision is made for the religious instruction of the native populations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1503<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Patriarch Mar Elijah, of the East Syrian church, sends three missionaries &#8220;to the islands of the sea, which are inside Java and to China.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1506<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominican missionaries\u2019 work begins in Mozambique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1508<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans start evangelizing in Venezuela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1509<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first church building is constructed in Puerto Rico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1510<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominicans begin work in Haiti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1512<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominican missionary Antonio de Montesino returns to Spain to try to convince King Ferdinand that all is not as it should be in the new western colonies. He reports the indigenous peoples are rapidly dying on the islands of Hispaniola (now the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Cuba under the colonists\u2019 slavery system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1513<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bartolom\u00e9 de las Casas is ordained in Cuba (possibly the first New World ordination). Las Casas renounces all claims to his native slaves soon thereafter. He spent the remainder of his life advocating for the respectful treatment of native people and teaching them about Christ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1514<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans begin missionary work in California.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1515<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionary Francisco \u00c1lvares is sent on a diplomatic mission to Dawit II, the Emperor of Abyssinia (now Ethiopia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1515<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionaries start work in Benin and Nigeria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1517<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Mughal rulers of Delhi open the door of Bengal to Christian missionaries; Martin Luther proclaims the Ninety-Five Theses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1518<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Leo X consecrates Don Henrique, son of the King of the Congo, as the first indigenous bishop from sub-Saharan Black Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1519<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Two Franciscans accompany Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s on his expedition to Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1520<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>German missionary Maximilian Uhland, also known as Bernardino de San Jos\u00e9, goes to Hispaniola with the newly appointed Bishop Alessandro Geraldini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1521<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Leo X grants Franciscan Francis Qui\u00f1ones permission and faculties to become a missionary to the New World, together with Juan Clapi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1522<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionaries establish their presence on the coast of Sri Lanka and begin moving inland in the wake of Portuguese military units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1523<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Martin Luther writes a missionary hymn based on Psalm 67, \u201cMay God Bestow on Us His Grace,\u201d which has been called &#8220;the first missionary hymn of Protestantism.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1524<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Martin de Valencia goes to New Spain (Mexico) with twelve Franciscan friars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1525<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Italian Franciscan missionary Giulio Zarco is sent to Michoac\u00e1n, on the western coast of Mexico, where he will become quite proficient in some indigenous languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1526<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans enter Florida; twelve Dominican friars arrive in the Mexican capital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1527<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Anabaptists organize the first Protestant missionary conference, Martyrs&#8217; Synod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan missionary Juan de Padilla arrives in Mexico; he will accompany Coronado&#8217;s expedition of searching for the Seven Cities and eventually settle among the Quivira (now called the Wichita).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1529<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan Peter of Ghent writes from Latin America that he and a colleague baptized fourteen thousand people on one day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1531<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan Juan de Padilla starts a series of missionary tours among Indian tribes located southeast of Mexico City.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1532<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The evangelization of Peru begins when missionaries arrive with Francisco Pizarro&#8217;s military expedition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1533<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pechenga Monastery is founded in the extreme north of Russia to preach the gospel to the Sami people; the Augustinian order arrives in Mexico; the first Christian missionaries come to Tonkin (now Vietnam).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1534<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionaries arrive in Canada with explorer Jacques Cartier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1536<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Northern Italian Anabaptist missionary Hans Oberecker is burned at the stake in Vienna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1537<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Paul III orders that the indigenous peoples of the Americas in the New World be brought to Christ &#8220;by the preaching of the divine Word and with the example of the good life.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1538<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans enter Paraguay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1539<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spanish Franciscan missionary Marcos de Niza encounters the Pueblos in what is now the southwestern United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1540<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans arrive in Trinidad and are killed by cannibals; Jesuits are founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1541<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscans start establishing California missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1542<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Francis Xavier goes to the Portuguese colony of Goa in West India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1545<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Testifying to the power of missionaries\u2019 letters back home, Antonio Araoz writes about Francis Xavier: &#8220;No less fruit has been obtained in Spain and Portugal through his letters than has been obtained in the Indies through his teaching.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1546<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Xavier travels to the Indonesian islands of Morotai, Ambon, and Ternate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1547<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wealthy Spaniard Juan Fern\u00e1ndez becomes a Jesuit, who will go to Japan as a missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1548<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Xavier establishes the College of the Holy Name of God, in Ba\u00e7aim, on India\u2019s northwest coast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1549<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominican Luis Cancer, who had worked among the Mayans of Guatemala and Mexico, lands at Tampa Bay (Florida) with two companions, whom the Calusa kill immediately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1549<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionaries\u2014whom Xavier leads\u2014arrive in Japan and build a base in Kyushu; their aggressive proselytizing is most successful in Kyushu with about 100,000 to 200,000 converts, including many daimyo (feudal lords).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1550<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Printed Scriptures are available in twenty-eight languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1553<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionaries build a church in Malacca Town, Malaysia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1554<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Siam (now Thailand) reports 1,500 converts to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1555<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Calvin sends Huguenots to Brazil, so that they can be protected from growing tension between Protestants and Catholics in France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1555<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominican Gaspar da Cruz attempts to set up the first Christian mission in Cambodia, but it wasn\u2019t successful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1556<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gaspar da Cruz spends a month preaching in Guangzhou, China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1557<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Bishop Andr\u00e9 de Oviedo comes to Ethiopia, with five priests, to convert the local Ethiopian Christians to Catholicism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1558<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Kabardian Duke Saltan Idarov is converted to Orthodox Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1559<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary Vilela settles in Kyoto, Japan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1560<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Goncalo da Silveira\u2014a Portuguese Jesuit missionary\u2014visits the Munhumutapa Empire in southeast Africa, where he rapidly makes converts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1563<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Luis Frois, who will later write a history of Jesuit activity in Japan, arrives in that country; Omura Sumitada becomes the first daimyo (feudal landholder) to convert to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1564<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Legaspi begins Augustinian work in the Philippine Islands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1565<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits come to Macau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1566<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Fearful Indians on the sands of Fort George Island, Florida, club to death Pedro Martinez, the first Jesuit to enter what is now the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1567<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionaries Jeronimo da Cruz and Sebastiao da Canto, both Dominicans, arrive in Ayutthaya, Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1568<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Diego de Herrera baptizes Chieftain Tupas of Cebu and his son in the Philippines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1569<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jeronimo da Cruz and two newly arrived missionaries are murdered in Siam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pirates near Palma, one of the Canary Islands, kill Ignacio Azevedo and thirty-nine other Jesuit missionaries, while on their way to Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1571<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Capuchin friars of the &#8216;Strict Observance&#8217; arrive on the island of Trinidad with conquistador Don Juan Ponce of Seville.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1572<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits come to Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1573<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Large-scale evangelization of the Florida Indian nations and tribes begins with the arrival of Franciscan friars; the Augustinian order enters Ecuador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1574<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Augustinian Guillermo de Santa Maria writes a treatise about the illegitimacy of the war the Spanish government was waging against the Chichimeca in the Mexican state of Michoac\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1575<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A church building is constructed in Kyoto; built in Japanese architectural style, it was popularly called the &#8220;temple of the South Barbarians.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1575<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spanish Augustinians Mart\u00edn de Rada and Geronimo Mart\u00edn spend four months in Fujian, China, trying to arrange for long-term missionary work there; this attempt fails due to unrelated events in the Philippines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1577<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominicans enter Mozambique and penetrate inland, burning Muslim mosques as they go.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1578<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The King of Spain orders the bishop of Lima not to confer Holy Orders on mestizos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1579<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Alessandro Valignano arrives in Japan where, as &#8220;Visitor of Missions&#8221;, he formulates a basic strategy for Catholic proselytism in that country; Valignano&#8217;s adaptationism attempted to avoid cultural frictions by covering the gap between certain Japanese customs and Roman Catholic values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1582<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits\u2014with Michele Ruggieri and Matteo Ricci as the pioneers\u2014start mission work in mainland China, introducing Western science, mathematics, and astronomy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1583<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Five Jesuit missionaries are murdered near Goa (India).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1584<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Matteo Ricci and a Chinese scholar translate a catechism into Chinese under the title, Tian Zhu Shi Lu (A True Account of God).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1585<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Carmelite leader Jerome Gracian meets with Martin Ignatius de Loyola, a Franciscan missionary from China; they sign a vinculo de hermandad misionera (a bond of missionary brotherhood), by which the two orders would collaborate in missionary work in Ethiopia; China; the Philippines; and the East and West Indies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1587<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>All foreigners are ordered out of Japan when shogun fears they are divisive and might present the Europeans with an opportunity to disrupt Japan; they stay, but persecution escalates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1590<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A book by Belgian pastor Hadrian \u00e0 Saravia has a chapter arguing that the Great Commission is still binding on the church today because the apostles did not fulfill it completely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1591<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Catholic Church is erected in Trinidad; the first Chinese are admitted as members of the Jesuit order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1593<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Franciscans come to Japan and establish St. Anna&#8217;s Hospital in Kyoto; they have a dispute with the Jesuits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1594<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Jesuit missionaries arrive in what is now Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1595<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dutch East India Company chaplains expand their ministry beyond the European expatriates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1596<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionaries travel across the island of Samar, in the Philippines, to establish mission centers on the eastern side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1597<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>General Toyotomi Hideyoshi crucifies twenty-six Japanese Christians for their faith in Nagasaki, Japan. Full-scale persecution destroys the Christian community by the 1620s. Converts who did not reject Christianity were martyred. Numerous Christians went underground, but their communities died out. Christianity left no permanent imprint on Japanese society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1598<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spanish missionaries push north from Mexico into what is now the state of New Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1599<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Francisco Fernandez goes to what is now the Jessore District of Bangladesh and builds a church there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1600-ad\">1600 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1600<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>French missionaries arrive in the area that is now Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1601<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Japanese priests are ordained, and a season of Christian flourishing lasts in Japan until 1614.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1602<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chinese scientist and translator Xu Guangqi is baptized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1603<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Jesuit Mission Press in Japan commences publication of a Japanese-Portuguese dictionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1604<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Abb\u00e8 Jess\u00e8 Fl\u00e8ch\u00e8 arrives at Port Royal, Nova Scotia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1605<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Roberto de Nobili, an Italian Jesuit missionary, goes to India and adopts many Indian customs that are not contrary to Christian teaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1607<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary Juan Fonte establishes the first Jesuit mission among the Tarahumara in the Sierra Madre Mountains of Northwest Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1608<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A missionary expedition into the Cear\u00e1 area of Brazil fails when the Tacariju kill the Jesuit leader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1610<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Matteo Ricci, one of the first Westerners allowed into interior China, baptizes Chinese mathematician and astronomer Li Zhizao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1611<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Two Jesuits begin work among the Mi&#8217;kmaq Indians of Nova Scotia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1612<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits found a mission for the Abenakis in Maine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1614<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Anti-Christian edicts are issued in Japan, with more than forty thousand Christians being massacred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1615<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>French missionaries in Canada open schools in Trois-Rivi\u00e8res and Tadoussac to teach First Nations children, with the hope of converting them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1616<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nanjing Missionary Case takes place, in which the clash between the Chinese practice of ancestor worship and Catholic doctrine ends in the deportation of foreign missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1617<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionary Francisco de Pina comes to Vietnam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1618<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese Carmelites, a Catholic order, go from Persia to Pakistan for establishing a church in Thatta (near Karachi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1619<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dominican missionaries found the University of St. Tomas in the Philippine Islands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1620<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Carmelites, a Catholic order, enter Goa in southern India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1621<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Augustinians are established in Bangladesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1622<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pope Gregory VI founds the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, which becomes the major papal agency for coordinating and directing missionary work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1623<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A stone monument (Nestorian Stele) is unearthed in Xi&#8217;an (Si-ngan-fu), China. Its inscription, which a Syrian monk wrote almost a thousand years earlier in both Chinese characters and Persian script, begins with the words, &#8220;Let us praise the Lord that the [Christian] faith has been popular in China.&#8221; It mentioned the arrival of a missionary, A-lo-pen (Abraham), in AD 625. Alvaro Semedo and other Jesuits soon publicize the stele&#8217;s discovery in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1624<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Persecution intensifies in Japan, with fifty Christians being burned alive in Edo (now Tokyo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1625<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vietnam expels missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1626<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Francis Pacheco is captured and executed in Nagasaki after entering Japan in disguise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Alexander de Rhodes goes to Vietnam where, in three years of ministry, he baptizes 6,700 converts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1628<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples is established in Rome to train &#8220;native clergy&#8221; from all over the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Franciscan missionary Alonzo Benavides founds Santa Clara de Capo, on the border of Apache-Indian country, in what is now New Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dutch missionary Abraham Rogerius, who authored Open Door to the Secrets of Heathendom, begins ten years of ministry among the Tamil people in the Dutch colony of Pulicat, near Madras, India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1632<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Zuni Indians murder a group of Franciscan missionaries, who had three years earlier established the first mission to the Zunis at Hawikuh in what is now New Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1633<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Emperor Fasilides expels the Jesuit missionaries in Ethiopia; the German Lutheran Church sends Peter Heyling as the first Protestant missionary to Ethiopia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1634<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Jean de Br\u00e8beuf travels to the Petun nation (in Canada) and baptizes a forty-year-old man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1635<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Franciscan expedition leaves Quito, Ecuador, for trying to penetrate into Amazonia from the west; though most of them will be killed along the way, a few will manage to arrive two years later on the Atlantic coast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1636<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Dominicans of Manila (the Philippines) organize a missionary expedition to Japan; they are arrested on one of the Okinawa Islands, and the tribunal of Nagasaki will eventually condemn them to death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1637<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tribal medicine men blame European missionaries when smallpox kills thousands of Native Americans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1638<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Official ban of Christianity is issued in Japan, with the death penalty; The Fountain Opened, a posthumous work of the influential Puritan writer Richard Sibbes, is published, in which he says that the gospel must continue its journey until &#8220;it has gone over the whole world.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Ursuline nuns board the St. Joseph to set sail for New France (parts of modern-day North America); they are the first women to enter New France as missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1640<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Japanese shogunate institutes the office of the shumon aratame yaku (inquisitor) to hunt down remaining Christians after Christianity was banned in 1614.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1641<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Cristoval de Acuna describes the Amazon River in a written report to the Spanish king.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1642<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mohawk Indians capture Catholic missionaries Isaac Jogues and Rene Goupil, and Huron- Indian converts who are traveling with them; they tomahawk Goupil to death, while Jogues and the Huron are held for a time as slaves. Jogues uses his slavery as an opportunity for missionary work and strengthening his Huron brothers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1643<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Reformed Pastor Johannes Megapolensis begins outreach to Native Americans while pastoring in Albany, New York.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Eliot starts ministry to Algonquian Indians in North America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1645<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits are expelled from Vietnam following thirty years of work there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1647<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Discalced Carmelites begin work on Madagascar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1649<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in New England is formed to reach the Indians of New England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1650<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Iroquois destruction of the Huron nation ends the Jesuits&#8217; dream of making the Huron Indians the focal point of their evangelism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1651<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Count Truchsess of Wetzhausen, a prominent Lutheran layman, asks the theological faculty of Wittenberg for the reason that Lutherans are not sending out missionaries in obedience to the Great Commission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1652<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Antonio Vieira returns as a missionary to Brazil, where he champions the cause of exploited indigenous peoples until being expelled by Portuguese colonists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1653<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Mohawk war party captures Jesuit Joseph Poncet near Montreal; he is tortured and finally sent back with a message about peace overtures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1654<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Eliot publishes a catechism for American Indians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1655<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jinga or Zinga, princess of Matamba in Angola, is converted; later she writes to the pope, urging that more missionaries be sent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1656<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Quaker missionaries arrive in what is now Boston, Massachusetts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1658<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Following the flight of the French missionaries from his area, Chief Daniel Garakonthie of the Onondaga Indians examines the French colonists\u2019 customs and missionaries\u2019 doctrines and openly begins protecting Christians in his part of what is now New York.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1659<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Alexander de Rhodes establishes the Paris Foreign Missions Society; Spanish priests establish a mission among the Manso Indians in Mexico, and hundreds of Mansos are converted to Christianity in the next decade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1660<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Catholic missionaries introduce Christianity into Cambodia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1661<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>George Fox, founder of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), sends three missionaries to China (although they never reach the field); John Eliot translates the Bible into Algonquin, which is the first native language in the Americas with its own version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1663<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Eliot&#8217;s translation of the Scriptures into one of the Algonquian languages is published (the New Testament came out two years earlier); this Bible is the first complete one to be printed in the New World.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1664<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Justinian Von Welz authors three powerful pamphlets about the need for world missions; he goes to Dutch Guinea (now called Surinam), where he dies after just three months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1666<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Eliot publishes his \u201cIndian Grammar,\u201d a book written to assist missionaries wishing to learn the Massachusett Indians\u2019 dialect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1667<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Pedro Suarez, the first missionary to attempt to reach the Huaorani (or Aucas), is slain with spears.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1670<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuits establish missions on the Orinoco River in Venezuela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1671<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Quaker missionaries arrive in the Carolinas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1672<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A chieftain on Guam kills Jesuit missionary Diego Luis de San Vitores and his Visayan assistant, Pedro Calungsod, for baptizing the chief&#8217;s daughter without his permission. (Some accounts say the girl&#8217;s mother consented to the baptism.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1673<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>French trader Louis Jolliet and missionary Jacques Marquette visit what is now Illinois, where the latter establishes a mission for Native Americans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1675<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An uprising on the islands of Micronesia leads to the death of three Christian missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1676<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Jesuit missionary baptizes Kateri Tekakwitha, who became known as the Lily of the Mohawks; she, along with many other Native Americans, joins a Canadian missionary settlement, where a syncretistic blend of ascetic indigenous and Catholic beliefs evolves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1679<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Writing from Changzhou, newly arrived missionary Juan de Yrigoyen describes three Christian congregations flourishing in that Chinese city.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1680<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pueblo Revolt starts in New Mexico, with the killing of twenty-one Franciscan missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1681<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After arriving in New Spain, Italian Jesuit Eusebio Kino becomes what one writer describes as &#8220;the most picturesque missionary pioneer of all North America.&#8221; A bundle of evangelistic zeal, Kino is an explorer, astronomer, cartographer, mission builder, ranchman, cattle king, and frontier defender, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1683<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary Louis Hennepin returns to France\u2014after exploring Minnesota and being held captive by the Dakota\u2014for writing the first book about Minnesota, Description de la Louisiane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1684<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Louis XIV of France sends Jesuit missionaries to China, bearing gifts from the collections of the Louvre and the Palace of Versailles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1685<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Catholic bishop of Chinese origin is consecrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1686<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Russian Orthodox monks come to China as missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1687<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>French activity begins in what is now C\u00f4te d&#8217;Ivoire when missionaries land at Assinie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1688<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The New Testament is translated into the Malay language (the first Bible translation into a southeastern Asian language).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1689<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Calusa Indian chief from what is the state of Florida visits Cuba to discuss the idea of having missionaries come to his people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1691<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Christian Faith Society for the West Indies is organized, with a concentration on evangelizing African slaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1692<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chinese Kangxi Emperor permits the Jesuits to freely preach Christianity, converting whom they wish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1693<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary John de Britto is publicly beheaded in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1694<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary and explorer Eusebio Kino becomes the first European to enter the Tucson, Arizona, basin and create a lasting settlement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1695<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>China&#8217;s first Russian Orthodox Church building is consecrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1696<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit missionary Francois Pinet founds the Mission of the Guardian Angel near what is now Chicago; this mission will be abandoned in 1700, when missionary efforts seem fruitless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1698<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Anglicans organize the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge to set up schools for poor children and publish Christian literature; they sent these books and pamphlets around the world to support new churches being planted as the British Empire expanded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1700-ad\">1700 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1700<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After a Swedish missionary&#8217;s sermon in Pennsylvania, one Native American poses such searching questions that the episode is reported in a 1731 history of the Swedish church in America. He asserted that because his ancestors had always believed that a good life would be pleasing to God, this opinion must have come to them directly from heaven, and that although it may be possible that Christians have superior knowledge, it is at the same time certain their morals are depraved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1701<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts is officially organized and continues today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1705<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Danish-Halle Mission is founded and sends out the first Protestant missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1706<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary Bartholom\u00e4us Ziegenbalg arrives in Tranquebar (now India).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1706<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Irish-born Francis Makemie, who has been an itinerant Presbyterian missionary among the American colonists since 1683, is finally able to organize the first American presbytery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1707<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Italian Capuchin missionaries reach Kathmandu in Nepal; Maillard de Tournon makes public, in Nanjing, Vatican decisions about rites, including stipulations against the veneration of ancestors and of Confucius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1709<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Experience Mayhew, missionary to the Wampanoag Indians, translates the Psalms and the Gospel of John into the Massachusett language; it is considered second only to John Eliot&#8217;s Indian Bible in terms of significant Indian-language translations in colonial New England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1710<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Count Canstein founds in Germany the first modern Bible Society for printing Bibles at reduced cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1711<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Eusebio Kino, missionary explorer in southern Arizona and northern Sonora, dies suddenly in northern Mexico; this &#8220;cowboy missionary&#8221; fought against Indian exploitation in Mexican silver mines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1713<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jesuit Ippolito Desideri goes to Tibet as a missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1714<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The New Testament is translated into Tamil (India); the Royal Danish College of Missions is organized in Copenhagen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1715<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eastern Orthodox Church missionary outreach is renewed in Northern China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1716<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Mexican viceroy authorizes the Alamo Mission establishment in San Antonio as an educational center for Native Americans who are converted to Christianity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1717<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Chen Mao writes to the Chinese Emperor about his concerns over Catholic missionaries and Western traders; he urgently requests an all-out prohibition of Catholic missionaries in the Qing provinces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1718<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bartholom\u00e4us Ziegenbalg constructs a church building in India that is still in use today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1719<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Isaac Watts writes the missionary hymn, &#8220;Jesus Shall Reign Where&#8217;er the Sun.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1721<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Mission San Juan Bautista Malibat, in Baja California, is abandoned due to the hostility of the Cochimi Indians, as well as to the decimation of the local population by epidemics and a water shortage. Chinese Kangxi Emperor bans Christian missionaries as a result of the Chinese Rites controversy. Hans Egede travels from Denmark to Greenland under the dual auspices of the Royal Mission College and the Bergen Company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1723<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Robert Millar publishes A History of the Propagation of Christianity, and Overthrow of Paganism, advocating prayer as the primary means of converting non-Christians; his book inspired prayer groups to form all over the British Isles and eventually North America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1724<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yongzheng Emperor bans missionary activities outside the Beijing area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1725<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Knud Leem arrives as a Norwegian missionary to the Sami people of Finnmark (Norwegian Arctic); the Great Awakening Revival spreads across the North American colonies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1727<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A missionary movement is born when Count Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf leads the Moravian community to begin twenty-four-hour nonstop prayer that lasted more than a hundred years; hundreds of missionaries were sent out from this community as a result.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1728<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Institutum Judaicum is established in Halle, Germany, as the first Protestant mission center for Jewish evangelism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1729<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Roman Catholic missionary Du Poisson becomes the first victim in the Natchez Massacre; on his way to New Orleans, he was asked to conduct Mass at the Natchez post, where he was killed in front of the altar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1730<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lombard, French Jesuit missionary, founds a Christian village with more than six hundred Indians at the mouth of the Kuru River in French Guiana; he was called the most successful of all missionaries in converting the Indians of French Guiana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1732<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Alphonsus Liguori founds the Roman Catholic religious institute, Redemptorist Fathers, for performing missionary work in slums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1733<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Moravians establish their first mission in Greenland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1734<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A missionary convinces a Groton, Connecticut, church to lend its building to the Mashantucket Pequot tribe for Christian worship services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1735<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Wesley goes to Indians in Georgia as a missionary with the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1736<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are anti-Christian edicts in China; Moravian missionaries work among the Nenets people of Arkhangelsk (a region in northern European Russia).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1737<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rev. Pugh, a missionary in Pennsylvania with the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, begins ministering to blacks; he notes that the masters of the slaves are prejudiced against them becoming Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1738<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Moravian missionary George Schmidt settles in Baviaan Kloof (the Valley of the Baboons) in the Riviersonderend Valley of South Africa; he begins working with the Khoikhoi people, who are practically on the threshold of extinction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1740<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Moravian David Zeisberger starts work among the Creek people of Georgia; missionary Johann Phillip Fabricius arrives in South India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1741<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dutch missionaries begin building the Christ Church building in Malacca Town, Malaysia, which will take twelve years to complete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1742<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Moravian leader Count Zinzendorf baptizes six Indians when he visits Shekomeko, New York.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1744<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Thomas Thompson resigns his position as dean at the University of Cambridge to become a missionary; the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts sends him to New Jersey. Taking a special interest in the slave population there, he would later request to start mission work in Africa. In 1751, Thompson would become the first S.P.G. missionary to the Gold Coast (now Ghana).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1745<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>David Brainerd, a missionary to Native Americans, writes: &#8220;They soon came in, one after another; with tears in their eyes, to know what they should do to be saved . . . . It was an amazing season of power among them, and seemed as if God had bowed the heavens and come down . . . and that God was about to convert the whole world.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1746<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A call is issued to the Christians of the New World to enter into a seven-year &#8220;Concert of Prayer&#8221; for missionary work by those whom Robert Millar inspired in 1723.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1747<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jonathan Edwards, who responds to this call, appeals for prayer for world missions among all North American churches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1748<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Roman Catholic Pedro Sanz and four other missionaries are executed, together with fourteen Chinese Christians; he reportedly converted some of his prison guards to Christianity before his death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1749<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Spanish Franciscan priest Jun\u00edpero Serra (1713-84) arrives in Mexico as a missionary; in 1767, he would go north to what is now California, zealously building missions and converting Native Americans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1750<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jonathan Edwards\u2014preacher of the First Great Awakening\u2014is banished from his church at Northampton, Massachusetts, and goes as a missionary to the nearby Housatonic Indians; Christian Frederic Schwartz goes to India with the Danish-Halle Mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1752<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Thomas Thompson, the initial Anglican missionary to Africa, arrives in the Gold Coast (now Ghana).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1753<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The disappearance of Erhardt and six companions leads to the temporary abandonment of Moravian-missionary initiatives in Labrador (in northern Canada).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1755<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Mahican Indian settlement at Gnadenhutten, Pennsylvania, is attacked and destroyed. Moravian missionary Johann Jacob Schmick remains with the Mahicans through exile and captivity, despite almost constant threats from white neighbors. Schmick will join his Indian congregation members as they seek refuge in Bethlehem, follow them as captives to Philadelphia, and remain with them after they settle in Wyalusing, Pennsylvania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1756<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Civil unrest forces Gideon Halley away from his missionary work among the Six Nations on the Susquehanna River, where he has been working for four years under the supervision of Jonathan Edwards, with an appointment from the Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Indians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lutherans begin ministering to blacks in the Caribbean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1759<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Presbyterians ordain Native American Samson Occom, a direct descendant of the great Mahican Chief Uncas; Occom became the first American Indian to publish works in English, including sermons, hymns, and a short autobiography. Jesuits are expelled from Brazil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1760<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adam Voelker and Christian Butler arrive in Tranquebar as the first Moravian missionaries to India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1760<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Methodists first reach the West Indies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1763<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Presbyterian Synod of New York orders a collection for missions to be taken; in 1767, the Synod will ask that this offering be collected annually.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1764<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Moravians decide to expand and begin publicizing their missionary activity, particularly in the British colonies; Moravian Jens Haven makes the first of three exploratory missionary journeys to Greenland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1765<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Suriname Governor General Crommelin persuades three Moravian missionaries to work near the headwaters of the Gran Rio; they settle among the Saramaka, near the Senthea Creek in Granman Abini&#8217;s village, where they are received with mixed feelings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1766<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Philip Quaque\u2014a Fetu youth from the Cape Coast area of Ghana\u2014who spent twelve years studying in England, returns to Africa; supported as a missionary by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, Quaque is the first non-European ordained priest in the Church of England.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1768<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Five United Brethren missionaries from Germany, invited by the Danish Guinea Company, arrive in the Gold Coast (now Ghana) to teach in the Cape Coast Castle schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1770<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Marrant, a free black from New York City, starts ministering cross-culturally, preaching to the American Indians; he had carried the gospel to the Cherokee and Creek Indians by 1775, as well as to groups he called the Catawar and Housaw peoples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1772<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After visiting Scilly Cove in Newfoundland, Canada, missionary James Balfour describes it as a &#8220;most Barbarous Lawless Place.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1775<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Industrial Revolution begins in Britain and the Netherlands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1776<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Cyril Vasilyevich Suchanov builds the first church among Evenks of Dauria in Siberia; the first baptism of an Eskimo by a Lutheran pastor takes place in Labrador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1777<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Portuguese missionaries construct a church in Hashnabad, Bangladesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1778<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theodore Sladich is martyred while accomplishing missionary work to counter Islamic influence in the western Balkans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1780<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>August Gottlieb Spangenberg, part of the Moravian Church, writes An Account of the Manner in Which the Protestant Church of the United Brethren Preach the Gospel, and Carry On Their Missions among the Heathen; originally written in German, the book will be translated into English in 1788.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1782<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>George Liele, a freed slave, arrived in Jamaica from the USA, the earliest recorded American foreign missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1783<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Moses Baker and George Gibbions, both former slaves, leave the United States to become missionaries in the West Indies; Charles Simeon starts the Evangelical Movement. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Thomas Coke (Methodist) submits his Plan for the Society for the Establishment of Missions among the Heathen; Methodist missions among the &#8220;heathen&#8221; will begin in 1786, when a storm drives Coke, destined for Nova Scotia, off course, and he lands at Antigua in the British West Indies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1785<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Joseph White&#8217;s sermon titled, &#8220;On the Duty of Attempting the Propagation of the Gospel among our Mahometan and Gentoo Subjects in India,&#8221; is published in the second edition of his book, Sermons Containing a View of Christianity and Mahometanism, in Their History, Their Evidence, and Their Effect. The sermon was initially preached at the University of Oxford.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1786<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Marrant, a free black from New York City, writes in his journal that he preached to &#8220;a great number of Indians and white people&#8221; at Green&#8217;s Harbor, Newfoundland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1787<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In England, the Particular Baptists ordain William Carey, who soon begins to urge that worldwide missions be undertaken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1788<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dutch missionaries begin preaching the gospel among fishermen in Bangladesh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1791<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>One hundred twenty Korean Christians are tortured and killed for their faith, which started when Paul Yun Ji-Chung, a noble who had become a Christian, decided not to bury his mother according to the traditional Confucian custom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1792<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>William Carey preaches a missions message to pastors, in which he challenges them to \u201cexpect great things from God, attempt great things for God\u201d; he additionally forms the Baptist Missionary Society, to support him in establishing missionary work in India, and leaves for there the following year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1794<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eight Russian Orthodox missionaries arrive on Kodiak Island in Alaska; several thousand people are baptized within a few months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1795<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The London Missionary Society is formed to send missionaries to Tahiti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1796<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Scottish and Glasgow Missionary Societies are established; a translation of the Bible into Tamil by Johann Philipp Fabricius is revised and published in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1797<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Netherlands Missionary Society is formed; the Duff, carrying thirty-six lay and pastoral missionaries, sails to three South Pacific islands. The first Christian missionary (from the London Missionary Society) visits Hiva on the Pacific island of Tahuata, but he is not well-received.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1798<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Congregationalists organize the Missionary Society of Connecticut for taking the gospel to the &#8220;heathen lands&#8221; of Vermont and Ohio; its missionaries evangelized both European settlers and Native Americans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1799<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Church Missionary Society (Church of England) is founded; Dutch physician John van der Kemp goes to Cape Colony, Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1800-ad\">1800 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1801<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Theodorus van der Kemp moves from ministering among the Xhosa to ministering to the Khoikhoi, both in South Africa; earlier he had helped found the Netherlands Missionary Society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1802<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Henry Martyn hears Charles Simeon speak about William Carey&#8217;s work in India and resolves to become a missionary himself; he will sail for India in 1805.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1803<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Massachusetts Baptist Missionary Society votes to publish a missionary magazine; now known as The American Baptist, this periodical is the oldest religious magazine in the United States.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1804<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The British and Foreign Bible Society is formed; the Church Missionary Society enters Sierra Leone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1805<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Brothers Abraham and Christian Albrecht, from the London Missionary Society, are the first Christian missionaries to come to Namibia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1806<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Haystack prayer meeting is conducted at Williams College; five students gather in a field to discuss the spiritual welfare of Asian people. Out of this prayer meeting many Protestant missions were born, including the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, along with the missions of the United Church of Christ, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), InterVarsity Christian Fellowship, and Student Volunteer Movement. Thousands of church planters, evangelists, and Bible translators have been sent out due to this prayer meeting. The first Protestant missionaries, with the English Wesleyan Mission, arrive in Haiti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1807<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Protestant missionary to China, Robert Morrison, begins work in Guangzhou (formerly called Canton) in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1808<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The London Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews is founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1809<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The National Bible Society of Scotland is organized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1811<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>English Wesleyans enter Sierra Leone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1812<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Adoniram Judson, arrives in India and soon goes to Burma; Henry Martin completes the first translation of the New Testament into Persian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1813<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Methodists form the Wesleyan Missionary Society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1814<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The American Baptist Foreign Mission Society is established; the Netherlands Bible Society is founded. Four Native Americans from beyond the Rocky Mountains come east to St. Louis, Missouri, seeking information about the &#8220;palefaces&#8217; religion\u201d because they believe it will give them increased power for their battles with other native tribes. The first missionaries arrive in New Zealand, led by Samuel Marsden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1815<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions opens work on Ceylon; the African-American Baptist Churches found the Richmond African Missionary Society, which sent missionaries to West Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1816<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The American Bible Society is established.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1817<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James Thompson starts distributing Bibles throughout Latin America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1818<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary work begins in Madagascar, with the king\u2019s reluctant approval. The Bible is published in Pashtu (a language of modern-day Afghanistan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1819<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary physician John Scudder joins the Ceylon Mission; Wesleyan Methodists start work in Madras, India. Reginald Heber writes the words to the missionary classic, &#8220;From Greenland&#8217;s Icy Mountains.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1820<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hiram Bingham goes to Hawaii (the Sandwich Islands).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1821<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>African-American Lott Carey, a Baptist missionary, sails with twenty-eight colleagues from Norfolk, Virginia, to Sierra Leone; the Protestant Episcopal Church Mission Board is established. The New Testament is published in Nepali. All of mainland South and Central America are freed from Spanish rule. Brazil would gain independence from Portugal in 1822. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1823<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scottish Missionary Society workers come to Mumbai (known then as Bombay), India; Robert Morrison ordains Liang Fa, the first Chinese Protestant evangelist. The American Board of Missions sends African-American Betsy Stockton to Hawaii; she thus becomes the first single- woman missionary in modern-missions history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1825<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>George Boardman goes to Burma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1826<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The American Bible Society sends the first Bible shipment to Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1827<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionary Lancelot Threlkeld reports in The Monitor that he is &#8220;advancing rapidly&#8221; in his efforts to disseminate Holy Scripture among indigenous Australians of the Hunter and Shoalhaven rivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1828<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Basel Mission begins work in the Christiansborg area of Accra, Ghana; Karl Gutzlaff, of the Netherlands Missionary Society, lands in Bangkok, Thailand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1829<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>George Mueller, a native of Prussia, goes to England as a missionary to the Jews.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1830<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Church of Scotland missionary Alexander Duff arrives in Kolkata; William Swan, missionary to Siberia, writesLetters on Missions, which is the first Protestant comprehensive treatment of missions theory and practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1831<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>American Congregational missionaries come to Thailand, withdrawing in 1849 without a single convert; the Trinitarian Bible Society is formed when they separate from the British and Foreign Bible Society because of controversies about the inclusion of the Apocrypha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1832<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John Williams commissions Teava, former cannibal and pioneer Pacific Islander missionary, to work on the Samoan island of Manono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1833<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Baptist work in Thailand starts with John Taylor Jones; American Methodist missionary Melville Box arrives in Liberia. The Free Will Baptist Foreign Missionary Society begins work in India. William Carey translates the Bible into Bengali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1834<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The American Presbyterian Mission opens work in India in the Punjab;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Medical_missions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dr. Peter Parker is sent to China from the United States as the first medical missionary.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1835<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Rhenish Missionary Society starts work among the Dayaks on Borneo (Indonesia); Bishop of Calcutta Daniel Wilson calls India&#8217;s caste system &#8220;a cancer.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1836<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Plymouth Brethren begin work in Madras, India; George M\u00fcller starts his work with orphans in Bristol, England. The Colonial Missionary Society is formed. Adnorim Judson translates the New Testament into Burmese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1837<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>William Carey translates the New Testament into Hindi. Board of Foreign Missions, Presbyterian Church in the USA is established \u201cto aid in the conversion of the world . . . every member of this church is a member for life of said society and bound to do all in his power for the accomplishment of this objective.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1838<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible is published in Tahitian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1839<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The entire Bible is published in the language of Tahiti; three French missionaries are martyred in Korea. English Protestant missionaries are murdered on Erromango (Vanuatu, in the South Pacific).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1840<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>David Livingstone is in present-day Malawi (Africa) with the London Missionary Society; American Presbyterians enter Thailand and labor for eighteen years before making their first Thai convert. The Irish Presbyterian Missionary Society is established.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1841<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Edinburgh Medical Missionary Society is founded as the first medical mission society in Europe; Welsh Methodists begin working among the Khasi people of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1842<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Treaty of Nanking opens China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1843<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baptist John Taylor Jones translates the New Testament into the Thai language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1844<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>German Ludwig Krapf starts work in Mombasa on the Kenya coast; George Williams forms the first Young Men&#8217;s Christian Association (YMCA).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1845<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Southern Baptist Convention mission organization is founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1846<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The London Missionary Society establishes work on Niue, a South Pacific island that Westerners had named the &#8220;savage island.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1847<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Presbyterian William Burns goes to China, and translates The Pilgrim&#8217;s Progress into Chinese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1848<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Charles Forman goes to Punjab; he started a school and helped shape the educational system of the region. German missionaries Johannes Rebmann and Johann Ludwig Krapf arrive at Kilimanjaro. Their story about a snow-covered peak near the equator was initially scoffed at. Karl Marx publishes his Communist Manifesto. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1849<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Just weeks after arriving on the Melanesian island of Aneityum (or Anatom), missionary John Geddie writes in his journal: &#8220;In the darkness, degradation, pollution and misery that surrounds me, I will look forward in the vision of faith to the time when some of these poor islanders will unite in the triumphant song of ransomed souls, &#8216;Unto Him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in His own blood.\u2019&#8221; David Livingstone starts his missionary explorations in Central Africa to open the way for \u201cChristianity, commerce and civilization.\u201d (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1850<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Church Missionary Society begins work in Pakistan by establishing schools and hospitals and distributing Scripture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1851<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Allen Gardiner and his six missionary colleagues die of exposure and starvation at Patagonia, on the southern tip of South America, when a resupply ship from England arrives six months late.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1853<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Hermannsburg Missionary Society\u2014which Louis Harms founded in 1849\u2014finishes training its first group of young missionaries, who are sent to Africa on a ship (the Kandaze) that had been built entirely from donations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1854<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Henry Venn, secretary of the Church Missionary Society, sets out the ideal of self-governing, self-supporting, and self-propagating churches; Hudson Taylor arrives in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1855<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Henry Steinhauer is ordained as a Canadian Methodist missionary to North American Indians and posted to Lac La Biche, Alberta; his missionary work had actually started fifteen years earlier, in 1840, when he was assigned to Lac La Pluie for assisting in translating, teaching, and interpreting the Ojibwa and Cree languages. John Coleridge Patteson sails for the South Seas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1856<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Presbyterians start work in Colombia, with the arrival of Henry Pratt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1857<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Bible is translated into the Tswana language (spoken in southern Africa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1858<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>John G. Paton begins work in New Hebrides (part of modern-day Vanuatu); Elizabeth Freeman is martyred in India. The Basel Evangelical Missionary Society starts work in western Sumatra (Indonesia). David Livingstone&#8217;s book, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa, is published.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1859<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Protestant missionaries arrive in Japan after centuries of isolation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1860<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The United Lutheran Church begins its work in Liberia; Liverpool Missionary Conference. Cyrus Hamlin lays the groundwork for establishing Robert College in Constantinople.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1861<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Protestant Shtundism arises in the village of Osnova of modern-day Ukraine; the Shtundists were peasant groups who focused on piety and evangelism. Sarah Doremus founds the Women&#8217;s Union Missionary Society as an interdenominational organization to send out single women as missionaries to Asia. The Rhenish Mission goes to Indonesia under Ludwig Nommensen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1862<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Paris Evangelical Missionary Society opens work in Senegal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1863<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Robert Moffat, a missionary to Africa with the London Missionary Society, publishes his book, Rivers of Water in a Dry Place, An Account of the Introduction of Christianity into South Africa, and of Mr. Moffat&#8217;s Missionary Labours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1864<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baptists enter Argentina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1865<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission; James Laidlaw Maxwell plants the first viable church in Taiwan. William Booth establishes the Salvation Army in England. The first Protestant missionaries arrive in Korea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1866<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theodore Jonas Meyer (1819-1894), a converted Jew serving as a Presbyterian missionary in Italy, nurses those dying from a cholera epidemic until he himself falls prey to the disease; barely surviving, he becomes a peacemaker between Catholics and Protestants. Robert Thomas, the first Protestant martyr in Korea, is beheaded, giving a Bible to his executioner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1867<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Methodists start work in Argentina; the Scripture Union is established to reach children with the gospel. Lars Skrefsrud and Hans Barreson begin working among the Santals of India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Robert Bruce goes to Iran; Canadian Baptist missionary Americus Timpany begins work among the Telugu people in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1869<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first Methodist women&#8217;s missionary magazine, The Heathen Women&#8217;s Friend, begins publication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1870<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clara Swain\u2014the very first female-missionary medical doctor\u2014arrives at Bareilly, India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1871<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>George Leslie Mackay plants a church in northern Taiwan; George Patteson is martyred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1872<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first All-India Missionary Conference is held, with 136 participants; Calvin Mateer decides that all instruction in his schools in China should be in Chinese, so that the education will be most helpful to the future of the church in China. (Shandong)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1873<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Regions beyond Missionary Union is founded in London in connection with the East London Training Institute for Home and Foreign Missions; the initial Scripture portion (Gospel of Luke) is translated into a language of the Philippines (Pangasinan). Lottie Moon is appointed as missionary to China. Father Damien\u2014a Catholic priest\u2014arrives in Molakai, a Pacific island where only people afflicted with leprosy live.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1874<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lord Radstock&#8217;s initial visit to St. Petersburg and the start of an evangelical awakening among the St. Petersburg nobility occur; Albert Sturges initiates the Interior Micronesia Mission, in the Mortlock Islands, under the leadership of Micronesian students from Ohwa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1875<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Foreign Christian Missionary Society is organized, with Isaac Errett as president; it serves a network of churches within the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and Church of Christ movements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1876<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A rusty ocean steamer arrives at a Calabar River port in what is now Nigeria in September; that part of Africa is known as the White Man&#8217;s Grave. The only woman on board that ship is twenty-nine-year-old Mary Slessor, a missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1877<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James Chalmers goes to New Guinea. The first missionaries arrive in Uganda from the Church Missionary Society after King Mutesa requests that they come to his kingdom after hearing the gospel preached by Henry Stanley, a British explorer and journalist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1878<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A mass movement to Christ takes place in Ongole, India; the Evangelical Association Missionary Society is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1879<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>H. F. Reynolds enters the ministry; he becomes the missionary secretary of the new Church of the Nazarene in 1907.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1880<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Woman missionary doctor Fanny Butler goes to India; A. B. Simpson launches the missionary periodical, The Gospel in All Lands. The New Testament is published in Japanese.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1881<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Methodist work in Lahore, Pakistan, starts in the wake of revivals under Bishop William Taylor; the North Africa Mission (now Arab World Ministries) is founded on Edward Glenny\u2019s work in Algeria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1882<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James Gilmour\u2014London Missionary Society missionary to Mongolia\u2014returns home to England for a furlough, during which he published Among the Mongols. It is so well-written that one critic wrote, &#8220;Robinson Crusoe has turned missionary, lived years in Mongolia, and wrote a book about it.&#8221; Pertaining to the author, the critic explained, &#8220;If ever on earth there lived a man who kept the law of Christ, and could give proof of it, and be absolutely unconscious that he was giving it to them, it is this man whom the Mongols called &#8216;our Gilmour.\u2019&#8221; Florence Young begins ministering to laborers on her brother\u2019s South Seas plantation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1883<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Salvation Army enters West Pakistan; A. B. Simpson organizes the Missionary Union for the Evangelization of the World. The first Missionary Training College classes are held in New York City. Zaire Christian and Missionary Alliance mission field opens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1884<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Jewish Mission of the Free Church of Scotland sends David Torrance as a medical missionary to Palestine;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=ptjqrxj54kMC&amp;pg=PT294&amp;lpg=PT294&amp;dq=islamic+world+congress+1976&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=Z00ZdS_wqs&amp;sig=EJZTxNExDZYzvc8RFzKYcKf1-mg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjSjf7UxK3YAhWOPN8KHUHVAxAQ6AEIUDAJ#v=onepage&amp;q=islamic%20world%20congress%201976&amp;f=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Protestant missionaries arrive in Korea<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1885<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Horace Underwood, Presbyterian missionary, and Henry Appenzellar, Methodist missionary, arrive in Korea; Scottish Ion Keith-Falconer goes to Aden on the Arabian peninsula. &#8220;Cambridge Seven&#8221;\u2014C. T. Studd, M. Beauchamp, W. W. Cassels, D. E. Hoste, S. P. Smith, A. T. Podhill-Turner, and C. H. Polhill-Turner\u2014come to China as missionaries. Ugandan troops kill Anglican Bishop James Hannigton and the Africans traveling with him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1886<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Student Volunteer Movement is launched as one hundred university and seminary students at Moody&#8217;s conference grounds at Mount Hermon, Massachusetts, sign the Princeton Pledge, which says: &#8220;I purpose, God willing, to become a foreign missionary.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1887<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>William Cassidy, a Toronto medical doctor, is ordained as the Christian and Missionary Alliance&#8217;s first missionary preacher; he unfortunately died from smallpox en route to China, but his death has been called the &#8220;spark that ignited the Alliance missionary blaze.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1888<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jonathan Goforth sails to China; the Student Volunteer Movement for foreign missions is officially organized, with John R. Mott as chairman and Robert Wilder as traveling secretary. The movement motto, coined by Wilder, is, &#8220;The evangelization of the world in this generation.&#8221; Scripture Gift Mission (now Lifewords) is founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1889<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Samuel Moffett sails from the United States for Korea, and establishes a Presbyterian Mission there; North Africa Mission enters Tripoli as the first Protestant mission in Libya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1890<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C. I. Scofield, editor of the Scofield Reference Bible, establishes the Central American Mission; the Scandinavian Alliance (now the Evangelical Alliance Mission) is formed. Methodist Charles Gabriel writes the missionary song, &#8220;Send the Light.&#8221; John L. Nevius visits Korea and calls for \u201cself-governing, self-supporting, and self-propagating churches.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1891<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Samuel Zwemer goes to Arabia. Helen Chapman sails for the Congo (Zaire); she marries a Danish missionary, William Rasmussen, whom she met during the voyage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1892<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Redcliffe Missionary Training College is founded in Chiswick (London).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1893<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Eleanor Chestnut goes to China as a Presbyterian medical missionary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1894<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Soatanana Revival, which begins in Madagascar, lasts for more than ninety years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1895<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Peter Cameron Scott forms Africa Inland Mission; the Japan Bible Society is established. Roland Allen is sent as a missionary for the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts to its North China Mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1896<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6d\u00f6n Scholtz founds the first Hungarian Lutheran foreign-mission periodical, K\u00fclmisszi\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1897<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Presbyterian Church (USA) begins work in Venezuela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1898<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Theresa Huntington leaves her New England home for the Middle East; she will work seven years as an American Board missionary in Elazig (Kharput), in the Ottoman Empire. Her letters home will be published in a book titled, Great Need over the Water. Missionary W. S. Fleming and the first Hmu convert, Pan Xiushan, are murdered in China. Thirty-two Christian inquirers are seized and beheaded along with them. Eight Protestant denominations divide up places of ministry in the Philippines, so they will not start churches in the same areas, while some went untouched.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1899<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James Rodgers arrives in the Philippines with the Presbyterian Mission; the Central American Mission enters Guatemala. Gideons International is organized in Wisconsin.\f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1900-ad\">1900 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1900<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>American Friends open work in Cuba; the Ecumenical Missionary Conference is held in Carnegie Hall, New York (162 mission boards represented). During the Boxer Rebellion in China, 189 missionaries and their children are killed. South African Andrew Murray writes The Key to the Missionary Problem, in which he challenges the church to hold weeks of prayer for the world. Ida Scudder begins medical work in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1901<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nazarene John Diaz goes to the Cape Verde Islands; Maude Cary sails for Morocco. Disciples of Christ open work in northern Luzon (the Philippines). Charles Cowman founds the Oriental Missionary Society. (His wife is the compiler of the popular devotional book, Streams in the Desert.) Papua New Guinea cannibals kill and eat missionary James Chalmers. Amy Carmichael founds Dohnavur Fellowship in India for rescuing temple children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1902<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Swiss members of the Plymouth Brethren Christian Missions in Many Lands (CMML) enter Laos; the California Yearly Meeting of Friends opens work in Guatemala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1904<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Premillennialist theologian W. E. Blackstone begins teaching that the world has already been evangelized, citing Acts 2:5; 8:4; Mark 16:20; and Colossians 1:23.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1905<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gunnerius Tollefsen is converted at a Salvation Army meeting under Samuel Logan Brengle\u2019s preaching; he later becomes a Belgian Congo missionary and then first mission secretary of the Norwegian Pentecostal movement. The National Missionary Society of India is formed, holding to the principles that Indians should conduct evangelization work with Indian money where Western missions are not already working. Eleanor Chestnut is martyred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1906<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Evangelical Alliance Mission (TEAM) opens work in Venezuela, with T. J. Bach and John Christiansen; Azusa Street meetings in California launch the Pentecostal movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1907<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Presbyterians and Methodists open Union Theological Seminary in Manila, Philippines; George Allen founds the Bolivian Indian Mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1908<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Gospel Missionary Union opens work in Colombia, with Charles Chapman and John Funk; Assemblies of God enter Rome and southern Italy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1909<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Pentecostal movement is organized in Chile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1910<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C. T. Studd establishes the Heart of Africa Mission (now called WEC International). The Edinburgh Missionary Conference is held in Scotland, presided over by John Mott, beginning modern ecumenical cooperation in missions, whereby the leaders of missionary efforts of different denominations endeavor to work together for better reflecting Christ\u2019s body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1911<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Christian and Missionary Alliance enters Vietnam as the first Protestant mission in that country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1912<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Conference of British Missionary Societies is formed; Samuel Zwemer starts work in Cairo, Egypt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1913<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>African-American Eliza George sails from New York for Liberia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1914<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A large-scale revival movement happens in Uganda; World War I breaks out in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1915<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Founded in 1913 in Nanjing, China\u2014as a women&#8217;s Christian college\u2014Ginling College officially opens with eight students and six teachers, supported by four Northern Baptist, Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Methodist, and Presbyterian missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1916<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rhenish missionaries are forced to leave Ondjiva, in southern Angola, under pressure from Portuguese authorities and Chief Mandume of the Kwanyama; four congregations exist with a confessing membership of eight hundred by then.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1917<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Interdenominational Foreign Mission Association (IFMA) is founded for strengthening Christian mission agencies by upholding standards of operation, ensuring integrity, and cooperative resourcing to spread the gospel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1918<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>James L. Barton, American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions head, asks missionaries who served in the Ottoman Empire for detailed reports of the Armenian Genocide horrors they witnessed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1919<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Union Version of the Chinese Bible translation is published; Oswald Smith receives a vision from God to start a church in Toronto, which would love all the different peoples of the earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1920<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Baptist Mid-Missions is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1921<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The International Missionary Council (IMC) is founded for creating a permanent structure to facilitate dialogue and cooperation across denominations\u2019 missionary efforts; the Norwegian Mission Council is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1923<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Scottish missionaries begin work in British Togoland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1924<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bible Churchman&#8217;s Missionary Society opens work in Upper Burma; Baptist Mid-Missions starts work in Venezuela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1925<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>E. Stanley Jones, a Methodist missionary to India, writes The Christ of the Indian Road.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1926<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dawson Trotman, the Navigators founder, is converted through Bible verses he had memorized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1927<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Near East Christian Council is established<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oikoumene.org\/en\/member-churches\/middle-east\/fmeec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">to facilitate cooperation and unity among evangelical churches and denominations throughout the Middle East and North Africa.<\/a>The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmalliance.org\/resources\/archives\/timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Russian Communist government destroys thousands of churches and kills Christians; the anti-Christian movement in China forces five thousand Protestant missionaries to leave<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1928<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Cuba Bible Institute (West Indies Mission) opens; the Jerusalem Conference of International Missionary Council is the second gathering of Protestant mission councils after the Edinburgh conference. Carl Becker sails for the Congo as a missionary doctor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1929<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Wall Street crash causes worldwide economic depression. (Future)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1931<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clarence Jones starts HCJB radio station in Quito, Ecuador, as the first Christian missionary radio station; Baptist Mid-Missions enters Liberia. Daniels Ekarte, a Nigerian whom Mary Slessor influenced, begins the African Churches Mission in London, a church that served and welcomed both blacks and whites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1932<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Assemblies of God open mission work in Colombia; the Laymen&#8217;s Missionary Inquiry report is published.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1933<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gladys Aylward arrives in China, where she ministers for twenty years; she led a hundred children on foot to safety during the war with Japan. Dawson Trotman founds Navigators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1934<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>William Cameron Townsend begins the Summer Institute of Linguistics academic and professional organization to study and develop minority languages; it works hand in hand with Wycliffe Bible Translators, which Townsend founded, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1935<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Frank C. Laubach, American missionary to the Philippines, perfects the &#8220;Each One Teach One&#8221; literacy program, which has been used worldwide to teach 60 million people to read.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1936<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>With the outbreak of civil war in Spain, missionaries are forced to leave that country; Ken Pike begins work in Mexico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1937<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Widespread revival erupts among Protestant (SIM) churches in the south following missionaries expulsion from Ethiopia by Italian invaders; Child Evangelism Fellowship is organized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1938<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The West Indies Mission enters the Dominican Republic; the Church Missionary Society is forced out of Egypt. The Madras World Missionary Conference is conducted as the third world Protestant mission conference. Dr. Orpha Speicher oversees the construction of Reynolds Memorial Hospital in central India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1939<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Joy Ridderhof\u2014a sick missionary\u2014records gospel songs and a message and sends them into the Honduras mountains; it is the start of Gospel Recordings, which send evangelizing recordings into illiterate areas worldwide. World War II breaks out in Europe and quickly spreads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1940<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Marianna Slocum begins translation work among the Chol tribe in Mexico; she would proceed to complete the New Testament in three languages. Japanese military police arrest Salvation Army executive officers for espionage charges. Gladys Aylward leads one hundred children to safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1941<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Germans sink the steamship Zamzam, which is sailing from New York with 140 missionaries bound for various African mission fields; all the missionary passengers are saved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1942<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>William Cameron Townsend founds Wycliffe Bible Translators; New Tribes Mission is founded with a vision to reach Bolivian tribal peoples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1943<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>World Gospel Mission (the National Holiness Missionary Society) enters Honduras; five missionaries with New Tribes Mission are martyred. Japanese soldiers behead eleven American Baptist missionaries in the Philippines. When the Japanese invade China, they intern Eric Liddell in a Japanese prison camp, where he passed away two years later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1944<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionaries return to Suki, Papua New Guinea, after Japanese-military withdrawal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1945<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Mission Aviation Fellowship is formed; the Far East Broadcasting Company (FEBC) is founded. Denominational mission boards establish the Evangelical Foreign Missions Association.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1946<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The initial InterVarsity missionary convention (now called &#8220;Urbana&#8221;) is conducted; United Bible Societies is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1947<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Conservative Baptist Foreign Mission Society begins work among the Senufo people in the C\u00f4te d&#8217;Ivoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1948<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Southern Baptist Convention adopts a program for tripling the number of missionaries (achieved by 1964); Nate Saint arrives in Ecuador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1950<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Paul Orjala arrives in Haiti; he \u201cfostered\u201d numerous church plants, but never pastored a single one of them. Radio station 4VEH, owned by the East and West Indies Bible Mission, starts broadcasting from near Cap Haitien, Haiti. World Vision is founded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1951<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The World Evangelical Alliance is organized; Bill and Vonette Bright create Campus Crusade for Christ at the University of California, Los Angeles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1952<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trans World Radio is formed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1953<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Walter Trobisch, who would publish I Loved a Girl in 1962, begins pioneer missionary work in northern Cameroon; Nazarenes enter Panama, and Helen Roseveare goes to the Congo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1954<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Argentina revival breaks out during Tommy Hicks\u2019 crusade; Myron Bromley enters the Balim Valley.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1955<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Donald McGavran publishes Bridges of God, calling missionaries to evangelize individuals within their existing family and community networks; Dutch missionary &#8220;Brother Andrew&#8221; takes the first of many Bible-smuggling trips into Communist Eastern Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1956<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>U.S. missionaries Jim Elliot, Peter Fleming, Edward McCully, Nate Saint, and Roger Youderian die at the hands of the Huaorani on the Curaray River in Ecuador.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1958<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rochunga Pudaite completes translating the Bible into the Hmar language (India) and is appointed the leader of the Indo-Burma Pioneer Mission; Paul Cho begins tent ministry in Korea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1959<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>West Indies Mission (now World Team) founds Radio Lumiere in Haiti; Josephine Makil becomes the first African-American to join Wycliffe Bible Translators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1960<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kenneth Strachan starts Evangelism-in-Depth in Central America; eighteen thousand people in Morocco respond to a Gospel Missionary Union newspaper advertisement, offering a free correspondence course about Christianity. Loren Cunningham establishes Youth with a Mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1962<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Don Richardson goes to the Sawi tribe in Papua New Guinea; George Verwer forms Operation Mobilization in Mexico. Viggo Olsen arrives in East Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1963<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ralph Winter and James Emery launch the Theological Education by Extension movement in Guatemala to provide theological and evangelistic training for local church members around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1964<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Congo rebels kill missionaries Paul Carlson and Irene Ferrel, along with brutalizing missionary doctor Helen Roseveare in separate incidents; Carlson is featured on the December 4, Time magazine cover. Hans von Staden, of the Dorothea Mission, proposes to Patrick Johnstone that he write the book now titled Operation World.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1965<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Evangelist Juliet Ndzimandze is ordained in Swaziland as the first woman in Africa to be ordained by the Church of the Nazarene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1966<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Red Guards destroy churches in China; the Berlin Congress on evangelism is held. Missionaries are expelled from Burma. God&#8217;s Smuggler is published about Brother Andrew smuggling Bibles into Communist Eastern Europe. The Association of Evangelicals of Africa and Madagascar is founded. The Pacific Conference of Churches is organized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1967<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A million Christians are killed in the Biafra civil war in Nigeria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1968<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wu Yung and others form the Chinese Missions Overseas for sending out missionaries from Taiwan to perform cross-cultural ministry; the Asia-South Pacific Congress on Evangelism is conducted in Singapore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1969<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>OMF International begins &#8220;industrial evangelism&#8221; for Taiwan&#8217;s factory workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1970<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Frankfurt Declaration on Mission is made; Operation Mobilization launches the Logos ship. The All-Philippine Congress on Evangelization is held.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1971<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gustavo Gutierrez publishes A Theology of Liberation, which offers a biblical perspective on poverty and seeks to prioritize \u201clove your neighbor\u201d as the central command of the Christian life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1973<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The first All-Asia Mission Consultation convenes in Seoul, Korea, with twenty-five delegates hailing from fourteen countries; the founding of the American Society of Missiology, a professional society dedicated to missional studies, takes place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1974<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missiologist Ralph Winter discusses &#8220;hidden&#8221; or unreached peoples during the Lausanne Congress of World Evangelism; the Lausanne Covenant is written and ratified. Guatemala Las Verapaces becomes the first &#8220;regular&#8221; Nazarene district on a mission field. The Japan Congress on Evangelism is conducted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1975<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Missionaries Armand Doll and Hugh Friberg are imprisoned in Mozambique after the Communist takeover of the government; the East-West Center for Mission Research and Development is established in Seoul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1976<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The United States Center for World Mission is founded in Pasadena, California; 1,600 Chinese assemble in Hong Kong for the Chinese Congress on World Evangelization. The Islamic World Congress calls for the withdrawal of Christian missionaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1977<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Evangelical Fellowship of India sponsors the All-India Congress on Mission and Evangelization; Anglican Bishop Festo Kivengere from Uganda escapes into Rwanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1978<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The LCWE Consultation on Gospel and Culture is held in Willowbank, Bermuda; the North America Conference for Muslim Evangelization is conducted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1979<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bill Bright, of Campus Crusade for Christ, commissions the production of the Jesus Film; Pioneers is founded as the first missionary agency with a sole focus on the &#8220;unreached people groups&#8221; paradigm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1980<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Philippine Congress on Discipling a Whole Nation is conducted; the Lausanne Congress on World Evangelism Conference is held in Pattaya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1981<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Colombian terrorists kidnap and kill Wycliffe Bible translator Chet Bitterman; Project Pearl smuggles one million Bibles in a single night to thousands of waiting believers in China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1982<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Third World Theologians Consultation is in Seoul; a story titled &#8220;The New Missionary&#8221; makes the December 27, Time magazine cover. The Andes Evangelical Mission (formerly the Bolivian Indian Mission) merges into Serving in Mission (formerly the Sudan Interior Mission).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1984<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The founding of the STEM (Short-Term Evangelical Mission teams) ministry, by Roger Petersen, signals the rising importance of short-term missions groups; the first International Conference on Missionary Kids (MKs) is held in Manila, Philippines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1986<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The entire Bible is published in the Haitian Creole language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1987<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The second International Conference on Missionary Kids is conducted in Quito, Ecuador; the COMIBAN conference in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil, sparks numerous initiatives to access the unreached.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1988<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wycliffe Bible Translators complete their 300th New Testament translation (in the Cotabato Manobo language of the Philippines).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1989<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Seth Barnes founds the Adventures in Missions (AIM) short-term mission agency; Lausanne II, a world missions conference, is held. The concept of the 10\/40 Window emerges. New Tribes Mission releases the Ee-Taow video, which shows a tribe in Papua New Guinea responding to the gospel for the first time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1991<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Marxist government of Ethiopia is overthrown, and missionaries are able to return to that country; Regions Beyond Missionary Union is dissolved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1994<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Islamic militants martyr Liibaan Ibraahim Hassan, a convert to Christianity in Somalia, in the capital city of Mogadishu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1995<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Joshua Project publishes the initial list of the world\u2019s least-reached peoples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1999<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trans World Radio goes on the air from Grigoriopol (Moldova), using a 1-million-watt AM transmitter; Hindu extremists burn alive veteran Australian missionary Graham Stewart Stains and his two sons as they are sleeping in a car in eastern India. \f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2000-ad\">2000 AD<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2000<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Thirty-six Chinese missionaries depart to a neighboring Buddhist nation, as part of the Back to Jerusalem movement\u2014a mission of the Chinese house churches for taking the gospel to the unreached in the nations that lie between China and Jerusalem; Asia College of Ministry is formed to provide effective, on-site theological training in Nepal, Myanmar, and Malaysia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2001<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>International terrorism comes to the fore with the 9\/11 United States tragedy; the Movement for African National Initiatives (MANI) is born, as a network of African churches, to fulfill the Great Commission in Africa and around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2002<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Philippine army rescuesGracia Burnham, a missionary with New Tribes Mission, after a militant Muslim group held her captive for more than a year; her husband, Martin, is tragically killed in the ensuing gunfight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2003<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Egyptian Coptic priest Father Zakaria Botros begins his internet and television ministry for Muslims around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2005<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nigeria launches Vision 5015 for mobilizing fifty thousand Nigerian missionaries to send to thirty-four countries between Nigeria and Israel by the year 2020<a href=\"https:\/\/www.identitynetwork.org\/apps\/articles\/default.asp?articleid=49881&amp;columnid=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">;<\/a>African Bible Commentary, that African scholars in Africa wrote, is published.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2007<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Kriol Bible is completed, which is the first Bible translation into an Australian indigenous language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2008<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Violence breaks out against Christians in the Indian state of Orissa; over fifty thousand Christians are displaced or forced to move into relief camps, and more than four thousand homes are destroyed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2009<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For the first time in history, over 50 percent of the global population lives in urban cities, which holds huge implications for global-mission emphasis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2010<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Latin America is home to 91 million evangelicals (16.8 percent of the population) due to the steady, faithful proclamation and witness of laymen and pastors planting small churches; four thousand Christian leaders from 198 countries gather together for the Third Congress on World Evangelization in Cape Town, South Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2013<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A Chinese evangelist from a rural area in Shandong province composes a thank-you letter to Christians who provided Bibles for this area: one for each fellowship leader and one for eachevangelist; these fellowships start tithing their produce and utilizing the proceeds to furnish Bibles for other Chinese believers without Scripture. (Shandong)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2015<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The British Broadcasting Corporation focuses on Christian businessman Wang Ruoxiong in China for its report, \u201cFirm faith: The company bosses who pray\u201d; the Islamic State beheads twenty-one Christian Egyptians in Libya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2016<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>SAT-7, a Christian satellite station broadcasting in the Middle East and North Africa, celebrates twenty years of broadcasting; its mission is offering an opportunity for Christians across the Middle East and North Africa to witness to Jesus Christ through television services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2017<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Islamic State kills two Chinese missionaries in their twenties in Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2018<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Seventy-five movements of Muslims to Jesus have been counted since the year 2000; A Wind in the House of Islam is a book that documents a number of them. Billy Graham, one of the world\u2019s most famous evangelists, dies at the age of ninety-nine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline-references\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"339\">Click here to view references<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Growth of the Church Throughout the centuries, Jesus has used everyday people to build his Church. Choose a century to start exploring the story of the Church. Jump down to any century 100 AD 100 First Christians are reported in Monaco, Algeria, Sri Lanka, Kuwait, and Arabia. (WCT)&nbsp; 112 Pliny the Younger reports the&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":284,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"normal","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":true,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-337","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Growth of the Church - MomentumYes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/tijdlijn\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Growth of the Church - MomentumYes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Growth of the Church Throughout the centuries, Jesus has used everyday people to build his Church. Choose a century to start exploring the story of the Church. Jump down to any century 100 AD 100 First Christians are reported in Monaco, Algeria, Sri Lanka, Kuwait, and Arabia. (WCT)&nbsp; 112 Pliny the Younger reports the...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/tijdlijn\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MomentumYes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-14T13:21:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"64 minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/\",\"name\":\"Growth of the Church - MomentumYes\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-03-21T21:10:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-14T13:21:10+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\",\"contentUrl\":\"\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/timeline\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Growth of the Church\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"MomentumYes\",\"description\":\"Inspire and empower you to take the Good News to your neighbors and the nations.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"MomentumYes\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/09\\\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB.png\",\"width\":3593,\"height\":706,\"caption\":\"MomentumYes\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/momentumyes.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/momentum_yes\\\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Groei van de Kerk - MomentumJa","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/tijdlijn\/","og_locale":"nl_NL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Growth of the Church - MomentumYes","og_description":"The Growth of the Church Throughout the centuries, Jesus has used everyday people to build his Church. Choose a century to start exploring the story of the Church. Jump down to any century 100 AD 100 First Christians are reported in Monaco, Algeria, Sri Lanka, Kuwait, and Arabia. (WCT)&nbsp; 112 Pliny the Younger reports the...","og_url":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/tijdlijn\/","og_site_name":"MomentumYes","article_modified_time":"2025-05-14T13:21:10+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"64 minuten"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/","url":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/","name":"Groei van de Kerk - MomentumJa","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"","datePublished":"2022-03-21T21:10:31+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-14T13:21:10+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"nl-NL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"nl-NL","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/#primaryimage","url":"","contentUrl":""},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/timeline\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Growth of the Church"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/","name":"MomentumJa","description":"Inspireer en bekrachtig je om het Goede Nieuws naar je buren en de naties te brengen.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"nl-NL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#organization","name":"MomentumJa","url":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"nl-NL","@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/cropped-MoYes-Green_Black-horizontal-RGB.png","width":3593,"height":706,"caption":"MomentumYes"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/momentum_yes\/"]}]}},"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"webmaestro","author_link":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/author\/webmaestro\/"},"comment_info":0,"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/momentumyes.com\/nl_nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}